Taken the Series - First Nation-Owned Loans

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First Nation-Owned Loans

May 9, 2019

By Katarina Ziervogel

LouAnn Solway, is a 47-year old Indigenous woman who was born and raised on a cattle farm on the Siksika Nation near Calgary in Alberta. With a lifetime of experience growing up on a farm, which may be difficult to leave. For Solway, she found it in herself to continue the family legacy onto the next generation but found herself in a difficult situation as she was turned down by several banks for her loan to continue the business.

Thankfully, Indian Business Corporation—a successful First Nations-owned company that specializes in granting loans to Indigenous people who are unable to receive loans from other banks. Solway was able to fully grow her business, and continue the family legacy of her own. It is not easy for Indigenous peoples to find a bank where their needs can be met with the help of loan. Especially, if some places still hold prejudice in any form against Indigenous people. It puts them in an utterly difficult situation to achieve their lifelong goals, hence the reason why a company such as Indian Business Corporation exists.

http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/indigenous-women-entrepreneur-business-ibc-1.4170906

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Data sources and interpretation statement

This infographic uses highly credible data sources and expert interpretation to communicate the odds of an Indigenous woman being murdered or missing compared with other women across Canada.

Data sources

The primary data source used to create this interactive infographic is Dr. Maryanne Pearce’s, H.B.A., M.A, doctoral thesis An Awkward Silence: Missing and Murdered Vulnerable Women in Canada and the Canadian Justice System, which includes a database of missing and murdered women and girls in Canada. The database has been updated continually (July 5, 2016), and has been used by CBC for their special series on Indigenous women and girls, the Globe and Mail, and APTN, as well as the RCMP, provincial/territorial governments, non-governmental organizations and grassroots groups across the country.

Main dissertation database sources

Police or Government Websites
Alberta’s Missing Persons and Unidentified Remains (www.albertamissingpersons.ca)
British Columbia Minister of Public Safety and Solicitor General (www.missing-u.ca/britishcolumbia.htm)
Canada’s Missing People (www.canadasmissing.ca)
Crimestoppers
O.P.P.: Project Resolve (www.missing-u.ca)
RCMP national and regional divisions (www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca)
RCMP: Project KARE (www.kare.ca)
Saskatchewan Chiefs of Police (www.sacp.ca)
Manitoba Chiefs of Police (www.macp.mb.ca)
Provincial police forces:
Ontario (www.opp.ca)
Quebec (www.suretequebec.gouv.qc.ca)
Government-based missing children agencies such as Child Find Canada (www.childfind.ca), Our Missing Children10 and Missing Children Canada (https://missingkids.ca/app/en/missing_children_database)
Municipal police forces throughout Canada:
Barrie Police Service (www.police.barrie.on.ca)
Belleville Police Service (www.police.belleville.on.ca)
Chatham-Kent Police Service (www.ckpolice.ca)
City of Miramichi (www.miramichi.org)
City of Prince George (www.city.pg.bc.ca)
Delta Police Department (www.deltapolice.ca)
Durham Regional Police Service (www.drps.ca)
Edmonton Police Service (www.edmontonpolice.ca)
Edmundston Police (www.edmundston.ca)
Halifax Regional Police (www.halifax.ca/police/)
Halton Regional Police Service (www.hrps.on.ca)
London Police (www.police.london.ca)
Medicine Hat Police Service (www.medicinehatpolice.com)
New Westminster Police (www.nwpolice.org)
Niagara Regional Police Service (www.nrps.com)
Ottawa Police Service (www.ottawa.ca)
Peel Regional Police (www.peelpolice.on.ca)
Prince Albert Police Service (www.papolice.ca)
Québec Secours, online: (http://sitequebecsecours.qc.ca)
Regina Police Service (www.reginapolice.ca)
Saanich Police (www.saanichpolice.ca)
Saskatoon Police Service (www.police.saskatoon.sk.ca)
Strathroy Caradoc Police Service (www.strathroy-caradoc.ca)
Toronto Police (www.torontopolice.on)
Vancouver Police Department (http://vancouver.ca/police)
Victoria Police Department (www.vicpd.ca)
Waterloo Regional Police Service (www.wrps.on.ca)
Winnipeg Police Service (www.winnipeg.ca)
York Regional Police (www.police.york.on.ca)

Non-police or Government Websites, General

Association of the Families of Persons Murdered or Disappeared (www.afpad.ca)
Avis de Recherche (http://adr.tv)
BC Institute Against Family Violence (www.bcifv.org).
Canadian Parents of Murdered Children and Survivors of Homicide Victims Inc. (www.cpomc.ca)
Enfant-Retour Québec (www.enfant-retourquebec.ca)
Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations (www.fsin.co
Giant Dwarf (http://www.giantdwarf.com/id522.htm)
Highway of Tears (www.highwayoftears.ca)
Homeless Nation (http://homelessnation.org)
I am Missing (www.iammissing.ca)
Missing Canadians (www.missingcanadians.ca)
Missing or Unsolved Murders Of Indigenous Sisters (https://crowdmap.com/welcome)
Missing People Net (Wayne Leng) (www.missingpeople.net)
Native Women’s Association of Canada (www.nwac.ca)
No More Silence (http://nomoresilence-nomoresilence.blogspot.ca)
North American Missing Persons Network (www.nampn.org)
Ontario’s Missing Adults (www.missingadults.ca)
Prime Time Crime (www.primetimecrime.com)
Sex Professionals of Canada (www.spoc.ca)
Sisters in Solidarity (http://sisters-in-solidarity.com)
Stolen and Silent (http://stolenandsilent.weebly.com)
The Charley Project (www.charleyproject.org)
The Doe Network (www.doenetwork.org)
The Last Link on the Left (www.lastlinkontheleft.com)
Unsolved Canada (www.unsolvedcanada.ca)
Vanished Voices (www.vanishedvoices.com)
Websleuths (http://websleuths.com)
Winnipeg Homicides (www.winnipeghomicide.org)

Results interpretation

The data was interpreted by Dr. Tracey Peter, an Associate Professor and Associate Head in the Department of Sociology at the University of Manitoba. Dr. Peter helped transform the data into an odds ratio – a ratio that represents the odds an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure.

To create the odds ratio she combined Dr. Maryanne Pearce’s data with Statistics Canada 2011 National Household Survey and newethncity/nnnewstatus variables. All data was then filtered by the last 10 years of murdered or missing women. She recommended focussing analysis on the last 10 years because the population data is based on 2011 (approximately 5 years before and after that date), but to go back further would be difficult since there are more widespread population changes. Finally, the per capita representation was determined allowing for a fair 1:1 comparison between each ethnic group.

About Dr. Tracey Peter

Dr. Tracey Peter is an Associate Professor and Associate Head in the Department of Sociology at the University of Manitoba. Her general research and publication interests include: research methods/applied statistics, mental health and well-being, issues of homophobia and transphobia /LGBTQ-inclusive education, trauma and violence, suicide prevention, and social inequality and marginalization.